Understanding Ulcers: Common Causes and How to Treat Them

7 Feb, 2026

Ulcers, also known as sores or open wounds, can develop on the skin or mucous membranes (such as in the stomach or mouth). They often cause pain, discomfort, and even infection if not treated properly. Understanding the causes and treatment options can help prevent complications and promote faster healing.

Understanding Ulcers: Common Causes and How to Treat Them

Common Causes of Ulcers

1. Pressure Sores (Bedsores)

These occur due to prolonged pressure on the skin, often in bedridden or wheelchair-bound individuals. Poor blood circulation leads to tissue damage, resulting in painful ulcers.

2. Diabetic Ulcers

People with diabetes are prone to foot ulcers due to nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor blood flow. Even minor cuts can worsen into serious wounds without proper care.

3. Venous Ulcers

Caused by poor blood circulation in the legs (venous insufficiency), these ulcers often appear around the ankles and can be slow to heal.

4. Stomach (Peptic) Ulcers

H. pylori bacterial infections, excessive NSAID painkiller use, or high stomach acid levels can create painful sores in the stomach lining.

5. Mouth Ulcers (Canker Sores)

Triggered by stress, vitamin deficiencies, minor injuries, or infections, these small yet painful sores usually heal within 1-2 weeks.

How to Treat and Prevent Ulcers

1. Proper Wound Care

  • Clean ulcers gently with saline solution.
  • Apply prescribed antibiotic ointments.
  • Keep the wound covered with sterile dressings.

2. Managing Underlying Conditions

  • Control blood sugar levels for diabetic ulcers.
  • Use compression stockings for venous ulcers.
  • Treat H. pylori infections with antibiotics for peptic ulcers.

3. Lifestyle Adjustments

  • Avoid prolonged pressure on the skin (change positions frequently).
  • Wear comfortable shoes to prevent diabetic foot sores.
  • Reduce spicy, acidic, or irritating foods if prone to mouth ulcers.

4. Medical Treatments

  • Debridement (removal of dead tissue) for severe wounds.
  • Skin grafts for deep ulcers that won’t heal.
  • Antacids or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for stomach ulcers.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:
✔ The ulcer does not heal in 2 weeks.
✔ There’s increasing pain, redness, or pus (signs of infection).
✔ You have unexplained weight loss or persistent stomach pain (could indicate peptic ulcers).

Final Thoughts

Ulcers can stem from various causes, but most are manageable with proper care. Early treatment prevents complications, so don’t ignore persistent sores. If you experience worsening symptoms, consult a healthcare professional promptly.

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