Beware of Glandular TB: Recognizing the Signs of Neck Lumps

17 Jan, 2026

Tuberculosis (TB) is often associated with lung infections, but did you know that TB can also attack the lymph nodes? This condition, known as glandular TB or tuberculous lymphadenitis, typically causes lumps in the neck and requires immediate medical attention.

Beware of Glandular TB: Recognizing the Signs of Neck Lumps

What Is Glandular TB?

Glandular TB is a form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB outside the lungs) that affects the lymph nodes, particularly those in the neck. Although less contagious than pulmonary TB, this disease can still be serious if left untreated.

Symptoms of Glandular TB

The most common sign of glandular TB is the appearance of small, painless lumps in the neck. Over time, these lumps may grow and become tender or even rupture, releasing pus. Other symptoms include:

  • Persistent fever
  • Night sweats
  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Weight loss without a clear cause
  • Swollen lymph nodes in other areas (e.g., armpits or groin)

Causes and Risk Factors

Glandular TB occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria infect the lymph nodes. While anyone can contract TB, certain factors increase the risk:

  • Weakened immune system (e.g., due to HIV/AIDS, diabetes, or malnutrition)
  • Close contact with a TB patient
  • Living in or visiting areas with high TB prevalence

Diagnosis and Treatment

If you notice unexplained neck lumps, consult a doctor immediately. Diagnosis typically involves:

  • Physical examination
  • Biopsy or fine-needle aspiration of the lump
  • TB tests (e.g., Mantoux test or IGRA)
  • Imaging tests (X-ray, ultrasound, or CT scan)

Treatment involves a long course of anti-TB drugs (usually 6–9 months). It's crucial to complete the entire regimen to prevent drug resistance. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove infected lymph nodes.

Prevention Tips

  • Maintain a strong immune system with a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.
  • Avoid close contact with TB patients.
  • Get vaccinated with BCG (especially for children in high-risk areas).

Conclusion

Glandular TB is a serious but treatable condition. If you notice lumps in your neck accompanied by other TB symptoms, seek medical help promptly. Early detection and proper treatment can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.

Stay vigilant and prioritize your health! ??

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